What is the recommended daily intake of folic acid for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects?

The recommended daily intake of folic acid for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects is 400 to 800 micrograms. Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and repair, and it plays a critical role in cellular division and growth, especially in the early stages of pregnancy when the neural tube, which eventually develops into the brain and spinal cord of the fetus, is forming.

Research has shown that adequate folic acid intake significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly. The recommendation of 400 to 800 micrograms daily is established by health organizations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), to ensure that women of childbearing age are adequately protected against these severe birth defects.

In addition, it is advised that women start taking folic acid before conception and continue through the first trimester to ensure optimal levels are present during this critical period. While higher dosages may be recommended in specific cases, such as women with a history of neural tube defects or certain medical conditions, the general recommendation remains within the 400 to 800 microgram range for pregnant women.