What is a potential complication for a neonate born to a mother with diabetes?

A neonate born to a mother with diabetes is at increased risk for hypoglycemia, particularly if the mother's blood sugar levels have been poorly controlled during pregnancy. When a pregnant woman has high blood sugar levels, the fetus also has elevated glucose levels. After birth, the neonate may continue to produce high levels of insulin to manage the elevated glucose that was present in utero. Once the umbilical cord is clamped and the glucose supply from the mother is cut off, the extra insulin can lead to a rapid drop in blood sugar levels, resulting in hypoglycemia. This condition can be serious if not identified and treated promptly, as it can affect the neonate's brain development and overall health.

While other options suggest complications, they are less directly linked to the immediate physiological effects of maternal diabetes on the neonate. For example, increased risk of infection, dehydration, and allergic reactions are not specifically associated with the metabolic processes that define the complications related to maternal diabetes. Thus, hypoglycemia stands out as the primary concern for neonates born to mothers with diabetes.