What complication can arise from a placenta that is positioned over the cervix?

A placenta positioned over the cervix is referred to as placenta previa. This condition occurs when the placenta partially or completely covers the cervical opening, which can lead to significant complications during pregnancy and delivery. Because the placenta is integral in providing nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, its abnormal positioning can cause problems such as bleeding, which may be severe and require immediate medical attention.

In cases of placenta previa, vaginal delivery is often not possible due to the risk of hemorrhage, and a cesarean section is typically required to safely deliver the baby while minimizing risk to both the mother and child. Depending on the degree to which the placenta covers the cervix, the severity of complications can vary, thus reinforcing the importance of careful monitoring and management of the condition throughout pregnancy.

Other complications, such as placental abruption, preterm labor, and ectopic pregnancy, are distinct from the effects seen with placenta previa and are not typically caused by the placenta's positioning over the cervix.